Mathematical geography-illustrator.



W. H. KELLER. MATHEMATIGAL GEOGRAPHY ILLUSTRATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 25,1908.

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Patented June 22, 1909.

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ATTORNEYS W. H. KELLER. MATHEMA'IIGAL GEOGRAPHY ILLUSTRATOR.

APPLIOATIOF FILED JULY 25, 190B.

' Patented June 22. 1909.

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W. H. KELLER. MATHBMATIGAL GEOGRAPHY ILLUSTRATOR.

APPLIATIOB' FILED JULY 26, 1908. June 22' uw man" m H Mx w H will 1n: Nqnms rlTlRs co.. WASHINGTON. n. c.

Y W. H. KELLER. MATHEMATIOAL GEOGRAPHY ILLUSTRATOR.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 25, 1908.

Patented Jullie 22, 1909 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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WILLIE Il. KELLER, OF ROGKFORD, \V1\SlllNG"l`ON.

MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY-ILLUSTRATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1909.

Application led July 25, 1908. Serial No. 445,425.

Y siding at Rockford, in the county of ,Spokane and State of Vashington, have invented a certain new and useful Mathematical Geography-Illustrator, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object to provide a device for teaching geography and the relation of celestial bodies, and in its generic nature, the invention comprises a support havinga pair of horizontal plates spaced apart and mounted on the support, the plates being adjustable in their planes, a central globe supported above the upper plate, and a rotatable globe mounted on a propelling mechanism which runs around a trackway of the plates to encircle the central globe. Other globes are provided to represent certain planets and satellites, and means are also provided for marking the zones on a globe.-

More specifically, my invention includes those novel details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, all of which will be lirst described, and then be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying` drawings, in which,-

Figure 1, is a perspective view of my invention complete. F ig. 2, is a. central vertical longitudinal section thereof. Eig. 3, is a perspective view of my invention arranged for illustrating one lesson. Eig. a shows my apparatus as used to illustrate another lesson. Fig. 5, is a central section showing the position of the parts illustrating another lesson. Figs. 6, 7 and 8, are detail views of the propelling mechanism for the earth carrier. Fig. 9, is an enlarged detail section of a portion thereof. Fig. 10, is a detail perspective view otl the apparatus showing the zone marker in use. Eig. 11, is a detail view showing a cylinder containing a map of the world in Mercators projection to illustrate certain facts. Fig. 12, is a detail view of a form of clamp used to secure the small globe to the shaft of the larger globe.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters and numerals of reference indicate like parts in all of the figures, 1 designates the base or support which carries the standard 5 that supports the central globe 7, which represents the sun Upon the base 1 is a disk or plate 2 which has movement in a horizontal plane and is provided with an elongated slot 2 to permit passage ot' the standard 5 and the portion ot the plate stamped or cut trom the slot 2 may be bent up to form a bar 2l that is provided with apertures 2 to permit passage oit the set screw 5 that secures the plate 2 in propel' correlative position with relation to the standard 5.

Mounted on supports 4l over the plate 2 is a second plate 3 ot' like lorm to the plate L) and likewise provided with a slot. El to permit passage ot' the standard .3 and with a bar portion 3l that is apertured as at 3" to receive the set screw 5" that secures the plate 3 to the standard The plates 2 and 3 are adjustable to move .in parallelism by the supports l which are hinged to the plates 2 and 3 respectively by the hinge connections UL-tl respectively. Each plate 2 and 3 is provided with a peripheral grooved runway 2 and 3d respectively to receive the support and drive wheels 15 and 1G and 30a and 30" oil the planetary members hereinafter again referred to. The standard 5 is aperturcd to receive the spindle G that carries the sun globe 7, the spindle G being held in place by a set screw 5" that is held by the standard 8 desigiiates a small globe to represent Mercury that is supported on an arm S clamped by a clamp Sl to the spindle 6. Another globe 9 to represent Venus is supported by an arm il and clamped by a clamp 9b to the spindle t3 ot the sun globe T, see Figs. l. and 2 ot the drawings.

l2 designates a motor operated vehicle body which includes a housing 12 in which the shafts 113 14s ot the drive wheels 15 and 16 respectively are mounted, the sha'tts 12S-1lbeing driven by a train of gears 1S, from a spring motor 1T that may be wound up by a crank 12X, as shown in Figs. (3 to 9 inclusive. The body 12 receives the spindle Q0 that supports the earth globe 21, the spindle 20 having a gear member 20 that meshes with a gear 19 on the slia'tt 13, so that proper rotary motion may be imparted to the spindle 20 to turn the earth globe 21.

Q2 represents the moon77 globe which is supported on an arm 22 that may be clamped at 221 to the spindle 20 ot the earth globe 2l..

10 designates a flat bar apertured as at 10 to lit. over the project-ing end ot' the spindle C of the sun globe 7 and secured to said spindle through the medium of an arm 10a and a clamp 10b, the bar l() having a slot 10d to receive the projecting end of the spindle 2O of the earth globe 21, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. carries a crayon holder ll1 to receive a crayon 11X, for a purpose presently more fully to appear.

23 designates a second crayon :holder lcarried by an .arm Q3 that is clamped by ya clamp 23" to .the cbar 10. rl`he crayon Iholder Q3 fis adapted yto contain a 4pair of crayons 23X, while holder 11 is adapted to contain a crayon 11X to mark the zones of the earth globe.

lVhen the crayons 23X and 11X are :to be used for marking zones, a slate globe may be introduced on the carriage 12a otherwise an earth globe 21 having alternate red and blue bands to indicate the Zones is used.

A second earth globe 21X mounted on a standard 30 that has wheels OQFOb to ride in the tracks 2d-3d respectively may be employed for demonstrating certain positions. For demonstrating other fact-s a cylinder 24 is introduced, in lieu of the earth globe Q1, on which cylinder a map of the world in Mercators projection is placed. The upper plate 3 has its upper surface divided by a series of radial lines 25 and spaces representing the months of the year land is divided by additional lines 2G and 2T that may `be colored to distinguish .them readily from the others, the h-ne 26 designating the autumnal and vernal Aequinoxes, while the line 27 designates the summer and winter solstices.

ln the practical uses of my apparatus the apparatus when placed in the position shown in 3 of the drawings may be used to show that there would be no change in seasons and that the days and nights would be of equal :length all over the world, if the earth passed around .the sun with its, (the earths axis perpendicular to its orbital plane, with the sun in the yplane of the earths orbit.

lhen the apparatus is in the position shown in Fig. l, it may be shown that the days and nights would be .unequal everywhere on the earths surface and that ,one of the earths poles, would be in continual light, while the other is in continua-l darkness and still there would be no change in seasons, as can be readily illustrated by using a straight edge to define .the Zones.

By using the Zone-markers 11 and 23 with the globes in the position shown in Figs. 5 and 10, the bar 10 will be carried around by the upper or ""north pole on a slated earth globe 21 to receive the crayons to show how the light or darkness creeps to- The bar 10 i ward the poles as the season changes, while the earth moves around its orbit.

The moon globe 22 ismoved around the carths axis by hand to show the eclipses, -by having `the moon passed between the sun and earth, thus eclipsing the sun and then by moving the moon 7 globe with the earth between it and the sun to show how the earths shadow is thrown on the moon, causing an eclipse of the moon. lt should be understood that onehaltl of :the moon globe 22 -is `colored red and the otherblue, and by usi-ng the yred side Aof the .moon globe toward the sun -and slowly anov-fing it, it :may be shown Iwhy we vhave @the changes ot' the moon.

In a similar manner the globes representing the pla-nets Venus and Mercury may `be moved to show wahy these stars are sometimes evening `and sometimes morning sta-rs.

lith the complete apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1, all vof :the foregoing facts may be .demonstrated and ,by having the moon .and stars detachable, ,they may be removed and laid aside while certain lessons are being taught. By providing the motor operated body 12 .to carry l the earth around its orbit and .rotate it on its axis, the action of ,the earths movement maybe rendered automatic.

lt is obvious that numerous changes in the details olE construction may be Amade without departing from .the spirit of Athe invention .or the scope of the appended claims, and troni the foregoing decription, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it ais thought the :complete construction, operation and numerous advantages of my invention will bereadily understood and appreciated those skilled in the art to which the invention ,appertains That I claim is 1. An apparatus orp the class described comprising a base, a relatively centrally located support projecting upwardly from said Vbase, a pair or' .plates Aor disks vhaving runways and being adjustab'ly ymounted `over said lbase in diilerent Ahorizontal planes and .penetrated by said ,central support, :means for spacing said disks apart and lholding fthem in parallelism, a globe A*mounted on the Vcentral support, combined with another support, wheels carried thereby .to operate in said runways, and a planet body mounted `on `said last named support and means for adjusting said disks to vary the angle made between .the wheeled sup-port `and the disks.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, a ypair of horizontally mounted disks spaced apart vand provided with peripheral tracks or runways, a centrally loca-ted globe body 'held yabove said disks, va carriage member, wheels carried thereby to run :in said -rufnways, `a 4planet body `supported VVby said carriage, and means for adjusting said disks in horizontal planes to adjust the angle between the carriage and the disks.

In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of horizontally supported disks having` peripheral tracks or runways, means connecting said disks to be adjustable in parallelism, means for holding said disks in their adjusted positions, a spindle projecting` through said disks, a globe body mounted on said spindle, a carriage having wheels to run in said runways and movable around said disks, together with a planet body supported by said carriage.

4. In an apparatus of the class described,

a pair ot horizontally supported disks having peripheral tracks or runways, means connecting said disks to be adjustable in parallelism, means for holdingl said disks in their adjusted positions, a spindle projecting through said disks, a globe body mounted on said spindle, a carriage having wheels to run in said runways and movable around said disks, together with a planet body supported by said carriage, supplemental planet bodies, and means for removably securing said supplemental planet bodies to the supports ot' said first mentioned and second mentioned planet bodies.

In an apparatus ot' the class described, a pair of parallelly supported spaced disks having peripheral runways and means for adjusting said disks in parallel horizontal planes together with a wheeled carriage whose Wheels run in said runways, a sun body supported over said disks and a second planet body carried by said carriage, combined with means supported on said sun and planet bodies for marking zones on one of said bodies.

6. In an apparatus ot' the class described, a pair of parallelly supported spaced disks having peripheral runways and means for adjusting said disks in parallel horizontal planes togetherwith a wheeled carriage whose wheels run in said runways, a sun body supported over said disks and a second planet body carried by said carriage, combined with means supported on said sun and planet bodies for marking zones on one ot said bodies, said last named means comprisino` a bar held over and connected with said sun and planet bodies, and a zone marker carried by said bar to cooperate with one of said bodies.

7. In anapparatus of the class described, a pair of disks having runways adjustably mounted in horizontal planes, each having a peripheral grooved runway, a support projecting centrally through said disks, means` tor securing said disks to said support, a body carried by said support, a motor driven carriage having wheels to run in said runways, and be supported thereby, and a planet body supported by said carriage.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of disks having runways adjustably mounted in horizontal planes, each having a peripheral grooved runway, a support projecting centrally through said disks, means for securing said disks to said support, a body carried by said support, a motor driven carriage having wheels to run in said runways and be supported thereby, and a planet body supportedby said carriage, the runway of one disk being located in the upper surface thereof and the runway in the other disk being located in the lower surface thereof.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair oit' disks mounted in parallel horizontal planes and having runways, a support projecting centrally through said disks, a body carried by said support, a motor driven carriage having wheels to run in said runways, a planet body supported by said carriage, said motor carriage having provisions ior rotating said planet body as the carriage moves around said disks, and means for marking zones on said last named planet body as it is rotated.

10. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of parallel disks, means for supporting said disks in parallelism in different horizontal planes, means for holding said disks in their various adjustments, each ot said disks having a peripheral runway, a motor vehicle carriage, said motor vehicle body including a drive motor, wheels to operate in said runways and geared with said drive motor, and a planet body supported by said motor vehicle carriage.

1l. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair ot' parallel disks, means for supporting said disks in parallelism in di'ti'erent horizontal planes, means for holding said disks in their various adjustments, each ot' said disks having peripheral tracks or runways, a motor vehicle carriage, said motor vehicle body including a drive motor, wheels to operate in said runways and geared with said drive motor, a planet body supported by said motor vehicle carriage, and means connecting said planet body with said motor to rotate the planet body.

12. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of parallel disks, means for supporting said disks in parallelism in different horizontal planes, means for holding said disks in their various adjustments, each oi said disks having a peripheral runway, a motor vehicle carriage, said motor vehicle body including` a drive motor, wheels to operate in said runways and geared with said drive motor, a planet body supported by said motor vehicle carriage, means connecting said planet body with said motor to rotate the planet body, together with a relatively centrally supported body mounted over said disks.

13. In an apparatus of the ,class described,-

a main base or support, a spindle projecting upwardly therefrom, a pair of horizontally disposed disks through which said spindle passes, means cooperating with said spindle and said disks for holding said disks in va.- rious adjustments, said disks being adjustable in their planes, a sun body supported on said spindle and a planet body supported on said disks to be movable around the periphery thereof.

lll. In an apparatus of the class described, a main base or support, a spindle projecting upwardly therefrom, a pair of horizontally disposed disks through which said spindle passes, means cooperating with said spindle and said .disks for holding` said disks in their various adjustments, said disks being adjustable in their planes, a sun body supported on said spindle and a planet body supported on said disks to be movable around the periphery thereof, means supported by said sun and planet bodies for marking zones ou said planet body as it rotates around said disk.

In an apparatus of the .class described, a main base vor support, a spindle projecting upwardly therefrom, -a pair of horizontally disposed disks through which said spindle passes, means cooperating with said spindle and said disks for holding said disks in their various adjustments, said disks being adjustable in their planes, -a sun body supported on said spindle and a planet body supported on said disks to be movable around the periphery thereof, means supported by said sun and planet bodies for marking zones on said planet body as it rotates around said disk, and supplemental planet bodies removably supported from said spindle adjacent to said sun 7 body.

1G. In an apparatus of the class described, a lbase or support, a disk horizontally mounted thereover, said disk having a slottedp0r- .tion and an tip-turned bar portion provided with adjusting apertures, a second disk supported over said first disk, said second disk also having a slot and apertured adjusting bar, a spindle mounted on said support and projecting through said slots, means coperating with said adjustable bar and said spindle for holding said disks in their adto be movable around the periphery thereof.

17. In an apparatus of the class described, a )air of disks provided with peripheral runways, a motor vehicle body having wheels to run in said runways and supported from said disks, said motor vehicle body including a drive inotoi geared with said wheels, a planet body supported from said motor vehicle body to move therewith, means connecting said planet body with said drive motor to rotate the same as the motor vehicle body passes along said runway, to-

gether with a relatively fixed sun body supported over said disks, and means carried by said sun body and said planet body for marking zones on said planet V body.

18. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of disks spaced apart, means uniting said disks to move in parallelism, said disks being adjustable in their planes, a sunV body relatively fixedly held over said disks, a planet body supported from said disks and movable around the periphery thereof, combined with a zone marker for marking the zones on said planet body as it is moved Aaround the sun body.

19. In an apparatus of the class described, a pair of disks spaced apart, means uniting said disks to move in parallelism, said disks being adjustable in their planes, a sun body relatively fixedly held over said disks, a planet body supported from said disks and movable around the periphery thereof,

combined with a zone marker for marking the zones on said planet body as it is moved around the sun body, said zone mai-ker comprising a bar supported over said sun and planet bodies, a crayon carriage carried by said bar, a crayon mount-ed in said carriage to mark the polar zones and ia second crayon carriage supported from said bar, said second crayon carriage having a crayon to mark intermediate zones.

WILLIE H. KELLER. lVitnesses L. L. IVING, J. B. GILBERT. 

